Elements 16: Sulphur
It was discovered in 1979 that deep in the oceans there exist hydrothermal vents, teeming with life, using a biology based on energy extraction using Sulphur, sometimes anaerobic and always independent of sunlight. It has been scientifically proposed that life originated at such places. As all these vents occur at submarine continental plate boundaries, it can be grasped how life is created and sustained by the planet as a whole. The hydrothermal vents are not just underwater islands, but influence life on a planetary scale, as next to S, these emit elements such as Fe, Mn, Cr, Cu, Zn, Co, Ni, Mo, Cd, V and W, many of which have biological functions.
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